Problematyka globalizacji działalności sektora bankowego w edukacji szkolnej

Abstrakt

In the era when economy is acquiring more international character, the world market, so far a collection of national and international markets, is becoming a global market of particular products. Individual countries are becoming less important, whereas international companies are gaining more significance, being more difficult to control including the control of the national public authorities. Globalisation, understood as a progressing internalisation of economic activity or as a closer uniting of national economies, consists of various and complex processes and issues. The development of globalisation is influenced by various factors: the growing mobility of the capital, goods and services, technological progress, especially quick introduction of all the innovations, considerable reductions of the prices of transport and communication. Owing to the computer revolution, the borders between the countries stop to be an obstacle to the transfer of the goods and production factors, especially of the financial capital. The transfer can be done directly by the financial institutions or through their officers, this especially concerns banks. As a result of globalisation, banks have lost their leading position of financial agents, which has forced these institutions to engage themselves in investing. What is more, the non-banking institutions have become more active in gaining the savings available on the market. These institutions (mostly insurance companies and investment funds) are very inventive in offering various forms of lodging financial means, which constitute an alternative to the bank deposits. It is especially important for big international companies which search for considerable means to finance their current activity and investments. Their financial needs are connected to the dynamic development of the process of fusion and overtaking of the companies in individual countries and on an international scale.