Przedsiębiorczość osób fizycznych na obszarach wiejskich Podkarpacia

Abstrakt

Modern economy conditions inherent to the policy of European countries force us to implementthe multifunctional development of village areas. This process is aimed to the development ofthe economic activity of individual persons and must lead to the building the strong economyof the region.Research in the enterprise level on the village territories paid attention to social andeconomic conditions, that affect the increasing quantity of individual person who run businessin 2001-2006. In the light of changes that took place recently, it is important to presenta concise description of the local factors that influence the economic development of thevillage territories directly or indirectly. The analysis of the economic situation concerningPodkarpacki region has showed that this region is overpopulated and with excessivefragmentation of small farms and it was proved by the General Farming Census in 2002.Although many chances was caused by modern economy, the inhabitants of village areas areconcentrated mainly at the farms and are busy with work there.On the commune level there is the differentiation of business activity of individual persons.A certain increase of non-agriculture business entities in 2001-2006 was register only in 20space units where the value of enterprise index was more than 80. At the same time thedecrease was noted on the areas where the index value was the lowest. The research showedthat in 2006 at the village territories of Podkarpacki region 42.1% of total amount of individualentities operated. It proves that comparing to the demographic potential there is deficit in thesekind of entities. However the period considered in the research was relatively short and the analyzedchanges in individual business entities are not distinguishable. As we analyze space differentiation of enterprise development we must take into accounthigh index value territories are attractive for investors or tourists. In the second zone ofincrease there are the territories situated near towns or the communication routes. Theadditional researches gave the possibility to notice that the increase of business activity ofindividual person is closely connected with the attitudes of villagers and availability offinancial resources. The correlations confirm that the gradual economic growth prove theassumption that the entrepreneurship will be maintained among villages, but one must notcount on the more dynamic development.